Amid the eruption of Sudan’s second civil war in 1983, it was widely portrayed in the world media as a dispute between the Arab, Muslim North and the African, Animist South. The polarisation of the conflict in such a bipolar concept has denied other marginalised communalities, including the Nuba people in South Kordofan State, of a voice to publicise their disgruntlement against the Sudanese state. As a dispossessed people, the native Nuba engaged in the protracted civil war against the authorities in the affluent centre. Amid this backdrop, the book addresses the unique cultural identification of the Nuba people, the root causes of the conflict in the area, the gross human rights violations by successive Sudanese regimes under the pretext of counter-insurgency, a profile of the first Nuba resistance leader, Yousif Kuwa Makki, and the peace settlement in the region in 2005. It ends with a postscript on the renewed hostilities in the area since June 2011, highlighting why the Nuba people took to arms once again. The book also contains a number of appendices, which can be useful indicators to those observers who want to understand the nature of the conflict in the region.